The first hearing in what is likely to be a grinding, years-long trial opens at 10 am in Brunswick, around 30 kilometres from VW headquarters in the northern city of Wolfsburg.
In the mass lawsuit, the most important of around 50 questions for judges is whether Volkswagen “caused harm” by acting “dishonestly.” To avoid such delays, the VZBV says it is “open” to an out-of-court settlement but “in that case, VW would have to pay a significant sum after all,” Mueller told AFP. Since 2015, when Volkswagen admitted to manipulating 11 million vehicles worldwide to fool emissions tests, the scandal has cost the group over 30 billion euros in fines, compensation and legal costs.