Lithium, a crucial component in high-performance rechargeable batteries that power our smartphones, medical devices, and electric vehicles, faces a supply chain burdened by risk.They’re utilizing mechanochemistry, a lesser-known branch of chemistry, to shake up conventional methods of triggering chemical reactions. This method involves applying mechanical forces to agitate, tumble, and pulverize solids, initiating reactions without the need for extreme heat or harsh chemicals.
Both conventional methods pose challenges in a high-demand market. Brine extraction is slow, while traditional hard-rock mineral processing consumes excessive energy and generates harmful byproducts. Additionally, brine processing requires substantial fresh water, further straining resources. Chemical reactions rely on energy input, which can come in various forms like heat, light, or electricity. In mechanochemistry, the driving force is mechanical. “Mechanical forces create structural imperfections on the surface of solid materials,” elaborates Dr. Hlova. “These imperfections act as reactive hotspots, accelerating and facilitating chemical reactions.”
“Mechanochemistry provides a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to conducting chemical reactions,” emphasizes Dr. Hlova. “This project holds immense potential to diversify the U.S. lithium supply chain, mitigating lithium scarcity and paving the way for a greener future.”